Sudden sensorineural hearing loss: Recovery rates according to audiometric patterns.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the different audiometric patterns in sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL), assess recovery rates based on the initial pattern and also, analyse the impact on speech discrimination scores (SDS). METHODS: A retrospective, descriptive, study was completed for patients with SSNHL from January 2010 until June 2020. Outcome measures included audiometric patterns, recovery rates, improvements over time for hearing loss as well as for SDS at 14 days and 3 months follow-up. The Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare differences between the different groups. Post-hoc testing involved the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. A P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: We included 211 patients, 64.3% showed downward-sloping or flat audiometric curves. Overall, 40% of the patients had recovered 50% or more of their hearing by day 14. We observed that hearing did improve over time, and this was more common for the upward-sloping cases, with 65% recovering to at least 50% of the maximum possible recovery by 3 months follow-up. Thirty percent had concomitant vertigo and/or dizziness; these patients had worse initial speech PTAs (pure tone average) (P≤0.0001) and inferior recovery rates (P=0.0007) as compared to patients without vertigo and/or dizziness. CONCLUSION: SSNHL is still a controversial topic. Variability was observed with regards to audiometric curves, recovery rates and SDS recovery. We provide a table with recovery rates based on audiometric patterns that may help guide clinicians when explaining this condition to their patients.

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss: Recovery rates according to audiometric patterns

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the different audiometric patterns in sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL), assess recovery rates based on the initial pattern and also, analyse the impact on speech discrimination scores (SDS).MethodsA retrospective, descriptive, study was completed for patients with SSNHL from January 2010 until June 2020. Outcome measures included audiometric patterns, recovery rates, improvements over time for hearing loss as well as for SDS at 14 days and 3 months follow-up. The Kruskal–Wallis test and Mann–Whitney U test were used to compare differences between the different groups. Post-hoc testing involved the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. A P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsWe included 211 patients, 64.3% showed downward-sloping or flat audiometric curves. Overall, 40% of the patients had recovered 50% or more of their hearing by day 14. We observed that hearing did improve over time, and this was more common for the upward-sloping cases, with 65% recovering to at least 50% of the maximum possible recovery by 3 months follow-up. Thirty percent had concomitant vertigo and/or dizziness; these patients had worse initial speech PTAs (pure tone average) (P≤0.0001) and inferior recovery rates (P=0.0007) as compared to patients without vertigo and/or dizziness.ConclusionSSNHL is still a controversial topic. Variability was observed with regards to audiometric curves, recovery rates and SDS recovery. We provide a table with recovery rates based on audiometric patterns that may help guide clinicians when explaining this condition to their patients. (AU)

Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los diferentes patrones audiométricos de la hipoacusia neurosensorial súbita (SSNHL), las tasas de recuperación sobre la base del patrón inicial, y analizar su impacto en las puntuaciones de discriminación del habla (SDS).MétodosSe realizó un estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo para pacientes con SSNHL desde enero de 2010 a junio de 2020. Los resultados incluyeron patrones audiométricos, tasas de recuperación, mejoras a lo largo del tiempo de la hipoacusia, así como de SDS a 14 días, y transcurridos 3 meses. Se utilizaron la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis y U de Mann-Whitney para comparar las diferencias entre los diferentes grupos. Las pruebas post-hoc incluyeron la prueba de Wilcoxon de rango con signo. Se consideró un valor p<0,05 estadísticamente significativo.ResultadosIncluimos 211 pacientes, de los cuales el 64,3% presentó curvas descendentes o planas. En general, el 40% de los pacientes había recuperado el 50% o más de audición en el día 14. Observamos que la audición mejoró con el tiempo, siendo esto más común para los casos de curva ascendente, en los que el 65% había recuperado al menos el 50% del valor máximo posible en el seguimiento a los 3 meses. El 30% tuvo vértigo y/o mareo concomitante, y estos pacientes reflejaron peores PTA iniciales del habla (medias de tonos puros) (p≤0,0001) y tasas de recuperación inferiores (p=0,0007) en comparación con los pacientes sin vértigo y/o mareo.ConclusiónLa SSNHL continua siendo tema controvertido. Se observó variabilidad con respecto a las curvas audiométricas, tasas de recuperación y recuperación de SDS. Aportamos aquí una tabla que incluye las tasas de recuperación basadas en patrones audiométricos, que puede ayudar a los clínicos a la hora de explicar esta situación a sus pacientes. (AU)

Hipoacusia Neurosensorial súbita y COVID 19 / Sudden Sensirineural Hearing Loss (SSHL) and COVID 19

La enfermedad por COVID 19 es una infección viral causada por el agente etiológico SARS Cov 2; presenta una gama de características clínicas incluyendo síntomas neurológicos, afectando neuronas, células gliales y nervios; formando parte del grupo de etiología de la hipoacusia neurosensorial. Se realiza este reporte de caso de hipoacusia súbita neurosensorial unilateral acompañada de tinnitus en paciente con antecedente de SARSCov2 Positivo, describiendo los principales hallazgos otológicos y audiológicos en el proceso de evaluación diagnóstico. La afectación por el virus nCoV-19 tiene incidencia en la pérdida auditiva, como se describe en estudios de casos reportados internacionales.

COVID 19 disease is a viral infection caused by the etiologic agent SARS Cov 2; presents a range of clinical features including neurological symptoms, affecting neurons, glial cells, and nerves; forming part of the etiology group of sensorineural hearing loss. This case report of sudden unilateral sensorineural hearing loss accompanied by tinnitus is made in a patient with a history of SARSCov2 Positive, describing the main otological and audiological findings in the diagnostic evaluation process. The involvement by the nCoV-19 virus has an incidence on hearing loss, as described in international reported case studies.

La importancia del comienzo temprano del tratamiento con corticoide intratimpánico en hipoacusia súbita / The importance of early treatment with intratympanic corticoid for sudden hypoacusia / A importância do começo temporão do tratamento com corticoide intratimpánico em hipoacusia subita

INTRODUCCIÓN: La hipoacusia neurosensorial súbita idiopática se define como la pérdida de audición súbita, de más de 30 dB, en por lo menos 3 frecuencias contiguas de la audiometría tonal, que ocurre dentro de los 3 días de inicio del síntoma, en un paciente sin antecedentes otológicos previos. OBJETIVOS: Evaluar la relación entre el comienzo temprano del tratamiento con corticoide intratimpánico y el grado de recuperación auditiva. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Es un estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo. A través de una revisión de historias clínicas se recolectaron pacientes con diagnóstico de hipoacusia neurosensorial súbita, valorados entre 2016 y 2017. El protocolo terapéutico utilizado fue la inyección de corticoide intratimpánico bajo visión microscópica, del oído afectado. Este procedimiento se realizó una vez por semana, durante 4 semanas. Se solicitó un control audiométrico una vez finalizado el tratamiento para evaluar el grado de recuperación auditiva...

INTRODUCTION: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss surdez neurosensorial subita is defined as a sudden loss of hearing, of more than 30dB, in at least three adjacent frequencies of the tone audiometry, which occurs within the three days after the symptom onset, in patients without previous otologic background. OBJECTIVE: Analyze the relationship between the early beginning of treatment with intratympanic corticoid and the degree of hearing recovery. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This is an observational, descriptive and retrospective study. Medical records of patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss diagnosis between 2016 and 2017 were gathered. The therapeutic protocol used was injection of intratympanic corticoid in the affected ear under microscopic vision. This procedure was carried out once a week, for 4 weeks. An audiometric control was done after finishing treatment in order to assess the hearing recovery degree…

INTRODUÇÃO: A surdez neurosensorial subita idiopatica define-se como a perda de audição subita, a mais de 30dB, em pelo menos 3 frequências contíguas da audiometria tonal, que ocorre dentro dos 3 dias de início do sintoma, num paciente sem antecedentes otológicos prévios. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a relação entre o começo temporão do tratamento com corticoide intratimpánico e o grau de recuperação auditiva. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: É um estudo observacional, descritivo e retrospectivo. Através de uma revisão de histórias clínicas colectaram-se pacientes com diagnóstico de hipoacusia neurosensorial súbita, avaliados entre 2016 e 2017. O protocolo terapêutico utilizado foi a injeção de corticoide intratimpánico baixo visão microscópica, do ouvido afectado. Este procedimento realizou-se uma vez por semana, durante 4 semanas. Solicitou-se um controle audiométrico uma vez finalizado o tratamento para avaliar o grau de recuperação auditiva...

[Management of sudden neurosensory hearing loss in a Primary Care Centre]. / Manejo de hipoacusia neurosensorial súbita en atención primaria.

Sudden hearing loss is a rapid loss of neurosensory hearing that may occur within hours or days in an apparently healthy patient. Its origins are variable and multifactorial. Most patients do not recover hearing if not treated, and some even develop cophosis (deafness) in the affected ear. It is an otological emergency, as early therapeutic management offers a better hearing prognosis. As there is limited knowledge on this condition, it may be underdiagnosed in Primary Health Care Centers. It should be suspected in patients with abrupt hearing loss or tinnitus. Sophisticated instruments are not required for its diagnosis, just a detailed history, basic otoscopy, and proper interpretation of the hearing test. In this way, an accurate diagnosis is achieved in most cases, which is confirmed by audiometry.

Inyección intratimpánica con metilprednisolona como terapia primaria en sordera súbita / Intratympanic therapy with metilprednisolone as an initial therapy in sudden sensorial hearing loss

Objetivo: Evaluar la respuesta de la inyección intratimpánica (IIT) con Metilprednisolona como manejo primario en la Hipoacusia Neurosensorial Súbita Idiopática (HNSSI).Materiales y métodos: Estudio experimental en 16 pacientes y 17 oídos, con HNSSI sometidos a IIT con Metilprednisolona como terapia primariaSe realizó una comparación estadística, posterior a la intervención. Se utilizó prueba de rangos de Wilcoxon y análisis de varianza de Kruskal – Wallis entre los valores de PTA y el porcentaje de discriminación con las variables de sexo, edad, tipo de curva y tiempo transcurrido hasta la consulta.Resultados: Mejoría global del 58,80%, cambios significativos para mejoría del PTA (p=0.01) y para porcentaje de discriminación (p=0.03). Influencia significativa en la recuperación del PTA dependiendo de la clasificación del grado de pérdida inicial (p=0.005), y de la clasificación del tipo de curva (p=0.039). En la discriminación, se encontró efecto significativo de la clasificación del grado de pérdida inicial (p = 0,004).Conclusión: Se demuestra utilidad de la IIT con Metilprednisolona en la sordera súbita como terapia primaria.

Objective: To evaluate the response to intra-tympanic therapy (IIT) with Metilprednisolone as an initial therapy in Sudden Sensorial Hearing loss (SSHL). Materials and methods: 16 patients and 17 ears, with SSHL under ITT with Metilprednisolone as initial therapy were analyzed. A statistical comparison was conducted after the surgery. Wilcoxon range test and Kruskal-Wallis variance analysis were used between the PTA values and the discrimination percentage with the following variables: sex, age, type of curve of the audiogram and time elapsed up to the consultation. Results: A global improvement of 58, 80% of patients was found. The improvement in PTA and discrimination was significant (p=0.01, p=0.03), respectively. There was a significant influence in the recovery of PTA depending on the classification of the initial level of loss (p= 0.005) and on the classification of the type of curve (p=0.039). In discrimination, the only significant variable that influenced the gain was the severity of the initial loss. Conclusion: The usefulness of IIT with Metilprednisolone in sudden sensorial hearing loss has been proved as a primary therapy.